桐油转化生物柴油工艺技术分析与研究

Analysis and Research on the Preparation of Bio-diesel from Tung Oil

[目的]研究以桐油为原料,利用酯交换法转化生物柴油的工艺技术,为桐油作为生物柴油原料油的应用提供参考。[方法]通过单因素试验和正交试验,对影响生物柴油产量的主要因素进行了分析。[结果]试验表明,影响桐油转化生物柴油的主要因素有催化剂用量、甲醇用量、反应温度、反应时间及原料油中的含水量。其中甲醇用量对桐油酯交换反应转化生物柴油的影响最大,其次为反应时间,再次为催化剂用量和反应温度。综合分析得到最优的反应条件为甲醇用量约占桐油重的50%、催化剂NaOH占桐油重的1.00%、反应温度50～65℃、反应时间30～40min,转换率超过80%。[结论]利用酯交换反应,以桐油转化生物柴油是可行的,最佳工艺条件下制备的桐油生物柴油的主要性能指标基本符合石化柴油标准。

[Objective] The reference for the preparation of the bio-diesel from Tung oil was provided through the study on the technology that the bio-diesel as raw material was prepared with the method of trans-esterification reaction.[Method] The major factors that influenced the output of bio-diesel with the method of trans-esterification reaction was analyzed with single-factor test and orthogonal test.[Results] The results showed that the main factor impacting in the process was the dosage of methanol and catalyst,the reaction temperature and time and the content of water in Tung oil,among which,the largest effect on it was the dosage of methanol;then,the reaction time;and the least effect on it was the dosage of catalyst and reaction temperature.Thus,the best conditions for preparation of the bio-diesel from Tong oil by means of the method of trans-esterification were as follows：the methanol was 50% of Tong oil weigh;the dosage of catalyst was 1.00% of Tong oil weigh,the reaction temperature was 50-65 ℃ and the reaction time was 30-40 minutes so that the preparation of the bio-diesel was over 80%.[Conclusion] It is possible to prepare the bio-diesel from Tung oil by means of the method of trans-esterification and the main index of the products property under the best condition was basically met with the requirement of the diesel.