环境样品中甲基汞的检测方法综述

A review on determination of methylmercury in environmental samples

综述了常用的环境样品中甲基汞的检测方法和检测步骤,认为在实际的甲基汞检测过程中,选择或评价所选用检测方法的原则通常是,在确保检测限的基础上,首选考虑检测结果的精确度如何,而快捷方便、经济实惠的检测技术也是现实运用中的实际需要。作为定量检测,GC分别与AAS、AES、AFS的联用是目前较常用的技术,而与ICP-MS或ID-ICPMS的联用,在今后的实际检测中将得到更广泛的运用。生物传感器检测到的汞一般是生物可利用的汞,降低其检测限并将其作为对污染水体与沉积物检测的重要方法,也是今后研究的重点。总之,在人类对环境安全和身体健康日益重视的今天,发展高灵敏度、高准确度、快速方便和低成本的检测技术是未来甲基汞检测的重要发展方向。

Methylmercury is one of the most virulent pollutants and does a lot of harm to human health through bioconcentration,biomagnifications and transfer by food chain,although it is usually in the trace levels in the environment.With more attention being attached to the environmental safety and human healthy,it became necessary to develop high sensitive,high accurate,fast,simplified and economic detection technology for methylmercury.This article introduced systematically some determination methods for methylmercury in environmental samples and discussed the advantages and shortcomings of different detection methods in case of pretreatment,separation procedure and final detector.On that base,we took an outlook for the determination method in the future.GC in cooperation with ICP-MS or ID-ICP-MS would be widely used because of high sensitive and accurate.Biosensor would be a new technology,which is more useful to detect methylmercury in polluted water and sediment,and reducing its detection limit is the key task for this method.