基于Matlab距骨快速图像分割与动画生成的算法

Fast image segmentation and animation creating algorithms of talus based on Matlab

背景:骨科手术导航是利用计算机和机器视觉技术,使医师在计算机屏幕的指导下完成接骨手术。为了后续定位工作的开展,首先必须基于CT图像序列在计算机上对下肢骨进行图像分割、三维重建和动画显示,并对其位姿进行测量。目的:在计算机上快速自动地实现距骨图像的分割、三维可视化及动画显示,为建立新型的足部手术导航系统搭建计算机显示平台。方法:基于足部CT图像序列,提出下列算法并采用Matlab编程实现:①基于最大熵原则对足部图像进行阈值分割以提取其中所有足部骨骼。②将形态学算法与Live-wire算法相结合快速自动地从该足部骨骼图像中分割出距骨。③利用移动立方体法对距骨表面进行三维重建。④采用图形学函数生成与显示距骨旋转的动画场景。结果与结论:实验结果表明,上述算法准确度高且以较少的时间在普通PC机上实现了距骨的三维可视化工作,可应用于足部手术导航的计算机显示平台中。

BACKGROUND： Orthopedic navigation uses the computer and machine vision technology, enables physicians to complete bone surgery under the guidance of computer screen. For subsequent localization work, first of all the lower limb bones must be segmented, 3D reconstructed and shown by animation based on the CT image sequence, and its position and orientation are measured. OBJECTIVE： To implement talus image segmentation, 3D visualization and generate its animation automatically on the computer, and to build a computer display platform for a new type of navigation system foot surgery. METHODS： The following Algorithms are proposed and realized by Matlab programming based on a CT image series of foot： ① Foot bone images are segmented by a threshold method based on the principle of maximum entropy to obtain foot skeleton. ② The talus is quickly and automatically segmented by a morphological method combined with Live-wire algorithm from the foot bone images. ③The three dimensional surface of talus is constructed using Marching Cubes method. ④A rotated animation of the talus is created and displayed by graphical functions of Matlab. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Results have shown that the proposed algorithms quickly and accurately realized the three-dimensional visualization of talus on common personal computer and can be applied in computer display platform of foot surgery navigation system.