年龄与发育进程问卷上海市儿童常模及心理测量学特性研究

Studies of the norm and psychometric properties of Ages and Stages Questionnaires in Shanghai children

目的 引进年龄与发育进程问卷（ASQ）,研究ASQ中文版（ASQ-C）、ASQ-C上海市3～66个月儿童常模及其心理测量学特性.方法 翻译、回译、改编ASQ成ASQ-C.ASQ-C 19个月龄组、每个月龄组393～517名,共8472名3～66个月常模样本儿童的父母/照看人完成与儿童年龄相应的ASQ-C.其中519名父母/照看人完成ASQ-C后6 d内专业人员再次完成相同ASQ-C,为测试者间信度检验样本;651名父母/照看人间隔10～23 d再次完成相同ASQ-C,为重测信度检验样本;～6、～12、～18、～24、～30个月5个月龄组、每个月龄组42～60名,共255名儿童用贝利婴儿发育量表第2版（BSID Ⅱ）测试作为效度检验样本.采用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析.结果 85.25%儿童的父母/照看人能够独立完成ASQ-C;完成了ASQ-C及其离均差常模;ASQ-C的Cronbach＇s α系数为0.77;父母/照看人与专业人员分别测试的量表总分间r为0.84（P＜0.0001）,父母/照看人两次测试的量表总分间r为0.82（P＜0.0001）;ASQ-C与BSID Ⅱ发育诊断的一致率为84.31%,敏感度为85.00%,特异度为84.26%..结论 上海市儿童的父母/照看人完成ASQ-C可行;ASQ-C具有良好的心理测量学特性,值得进一步研究并引进.

Objective To introduce the Ages and Stages Questionnaire （ASQ） to China, we created ASQ-Chinese （ASQ-C） and carried out studies of its norm and the psychometrical properties in Shanghai children aged 3-66 months in collaboration with the author of the ASQ with the permissions from the publisher. Method The 19 ASQ intervals were translated into Chinese, to make the ASQ-C culturally relevant,and back translated into English. The project used a stratified cluster sampling method and recruited children aged 3-66 months with respect to demographic characteristics that were representative of Shanghai census data, and excluded the children whose mother tongue was not Chinese and/or diagnosed with disabilities by the authoritative hospitals in Shanghai. Parents/caregivers of the 8472 children either independently completed the age-appropriate ASQ-Cs or completed with help from the researchers for the normative samples. Among them, professionals completed the age-appropriate ASQ-C again for 519 children within six days after the parents/caregivers completed the ASQ-C for inter-rater reliability. In terms of testretest reliability, 651 parents completed another age-appropriate questionnaires within a 10- to 23-day interval. For concurrent validity, BSID Ⅱ were administered with 255 children from 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30-month ASQ-C age intervals. The cutoffs of the ASQ-C and the BSID Ⅱ were all set at the two standard deviations below the means. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 13.0. Result The ASQ-Cs were independently completed by 85.25% of the parents/caregivers;the percentage of gender, family income and region of residence were similar to the Shanghai population census conducted in the recent years. Two standard deviations below the means were used as the cutoff scores of the ASQ-Cs across the age intervals. In terms of internal consistency of the ASQ-C, Cronbach standardized alpha was 0.77. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the ASQ-C total scores of the two testers was 0.84 （ P 〈 0.0001 ）. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the ASQ-C total scores of the two tests was 0.82 （ P 〈 0.0001 ）. The percentage of the agreement between the ASQ-C and the BSID Ⅱ was 84.31%, the sensitivity of ASQ-C was 85.00%, and the specificity of ASQ-C was 84.26%. Conclusion It is practicable that the ASQ-C can be completed by the parentS/caregivers of Shanghai children. ASQ-C has solid psychometric properties and is worthy of further research and introduction to China.