青藏高原地区地气系统太阳辐射能收支的研究

SOLAR RADIATION BUDGET OVER THE QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU REGION

本文利用1982年8月—1983年7月Nimbus-7的月平均行星反射率资料和根据卫星资料得到的地面总辐射、地表反射率的估算结果,分析了青藏高原地区地气系统(大气顶)的太阳辐射能收支和地表、大气对太阳辐射吸收的时空变化特征,给出了表征太阳辐射能收支的一些基本参数,讨论了以行星反射率为基本参数表征大气、地表对太阳辐射吸收的参数化方法。分析表明:过渡季节5月份的行星反射率极小值的出现对青藏高原地区太阳辐射能收支有重要调节作用;全年平均而言,青藏高原地区被地气系统反射和被大气、地表吸收的太阳辐射的比例为37:18:45。

The solar radiation budgets at the top of the atmosphere, at the surface and within the atmosphere over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during the period from August 1982 to July 1983 were investigated on the basis of monthly mean planetary albedo data from Nimbus-7 and the satellite derived global solar radiation and surface albedo. Results show that the appearing of the minimum planetary albedo in the transition season ( May ) plays an important role in modulating the solar radiation budget over the Plateau.For annual mean, the ratio of solar radiation reflected by the earth-atmosphere system to that absorbed by the atmosphere and by the surface is 37 : 18 : 45. The parameterizations of monthly mean absorbed solar radiation within the atmosphere and at the surface are presented in simple models describing them through the planetary albedo on the basis of regression analysis.