黑翅长脚鹬与环颈鸻卵壳超微结构研究

Studies on Microstructures of Eggshell of Himantopus himantopus and Charadrius alexandrinus

2007年9月至2008年8月,利用扫描电镜对从黄河三角洲自然保护区采集的黑翅长脚鹬(Himantopus himantopus)和环颈鸻(Charadrius alexandrinus)卵壳超微结构进行了比较研究。结果显示,两类鸟卵卵壳结构在海绵层小孔数,小孔直径,卵壳气孔数,壳膜纤维以及横断面厚度方面都存在显著差异。黑翅长脚鹬海绵层小孔密度较低但直径较大,两种鸟类气孔结构类似但黑翅长脚鹬卵壳的气孔密度较高且直径较小,两种鸟类壳膜的纤维结构和排列形式很接近,但黑翅长脚鹬的壳膜纤维较环颈鸻的纤维略粗,环颈鸻卵壳的厚度比黑翅长脚鹬略厚。就同种鸟类而言,卵壳外表面气孔密度由高到低依次为:尖端,赤道面,钝端;气孔直径没有明显差异;外壳膜的纤维排列较内壳膜致密。内壳膜上的纤维有球状的或棒状的突起。

Studies on the microstructures of the eggshell of Himantopus himantopus and Charadrius alexandrinus were conducted using the scanning electron microscope in the National Nature Reserve of the Yellow River Delta from September,2007 to August,2008.The results showed that there were significant differences in the number and diameters of vesicular holes in spongy layer,the number of pores,the fibres in the eggshell membranes and the thickness of radial sections between the microstructures of the eggshell in two species.In spongy layer,density of vesicular holes was lower in Himantopus himantopus than in Charadrius alexandrinus,while diameter was bigger.Pore structure of two species were similar,the density of pores of Himantopus himantopus was higher than that of Charadrius alexandrinus while the diameter was shorter.The fiber structure and the arrangement way in the eggshell membranes of two species were fairly similar,but the fibres of Himantopus himantopus in the eggshell membranes were slightly thicker than that of Himantopus himantopus while eggshell was thinner.In the outer surface of the same species of birds,the densities of pores in the acme was the highest,then the equatorial plane and the blunt was the lowest.The diameter of pores had insignificant differences.The density of the fiber＇s arrangement way in outer eggshell was higher than that of inner eggshell.The fiber in inner eggshell had spherical or virgulate tubers.