普芬道夫自然法与国际法理论述评

Samuel Pufendorf's Theory on Natural Law and International Law

普芬道夫在其代表作《自然法与国际法》中构建了一个普遍的、庞大的自然法体系,具体涵盖了自然法的普遍性以及自然法的主体、起源及其与实在法的关系、自然法上某些权利义务的转换、条约与契约的一般规则、财产权的规则、争端解决的规则、国家理论、自然法基本原则等内容。尽管普芬道夫的自然法与国际法理论侧重于探讨自然国际法,但并未刻意忽视实在法在构建国际法中的作用,故而并不是一个"极端的"体系。普芬道夫的自然法与国际法理论远远超前于其所处的时代,并对后世国际法的发展产生了深远影响,值得引起所有在法哲学和国际法领域从事研究的学者的持续关注,并可以作为新世纪自然法与国际法否定之否定发展的重要参考资料。

In his most important work De Jure Naturae et Gentium,Pufendorf established a broad natural law system,which comprised the universality,subjects and origins of natural law,its relation with positive law,the transfer of rights and obligations,the general rules on treaties,pacts,property,and the settlement of disputes,the theory of the nation,and the fundamental principles of natural law.Although in his book Pufendorf focused on natural international law,he never intentionally overlooked the function of positive law in constructing international law,and therefore his theory could hardly be defined as ″extreme″.Pufendorf＇s theory of natural law and international law was years ahead of its time and had a profound and lasting influence on the development of international law.For this reason,it deserves the continuous attention of the scholars studying jurisprudence and international law and can be used as important reference material for the negation of negation of natural law and international law in the new century.