论先秦句尾语气词“耳”、“尔”之不同——以《孟子》为例

On Difference about the Modal Particles "er(耳)" and "er(尔)" at the End of Sentences in the Pre-Qin——A Case Study of "Mencius"

自卢以纬《助语辞》开始,大多虚词专著都习惯于将"耳"、"尔"连在一起说明,认为两者的用法较接近。不少学者认为"耳"、"尔"同义通用,表示限制语气。但实际上两者来源不同,先秦时期的用法也不尽相通。这一点郭锡良先生1989发表的《先秦语气词新探(二)》一文中就已论及,但其后的论文、专著中均未见讨论。本文主要就《孟子》中的"耳"、"尔"进行比较,分析它们用法的不同。

Since Lu Yi-wei＇s ＂Zhu yu ci＂,many scholars believed that ＂er 耳＂ ＂ and ＂er 尔 ＂ had the same usage, even they are used in the same way. But in fact they were not the same. Guo Xiliang have discussed them in the ＂New Research on the Pre-Qin Modal Particles （2）＂, however, other scholars have not discussed it. This article focused on the usage of ＂er 耳 ＂and ＂er 尔＂ in ＂Mencius＂, to analyze and compare the difference between them.