伦理话语与社会变迁——论《小红帽》童话故事的改写

Ethical Discourse and Social Changes:A Study on Rewriting of Little Red Cap

童话《小红帽》是极具伦理价值的文学文本,＂小红帽＂故事在过去三百年间的急剧嬗变深刻揭示了文学经典改写的伦理话语与社会变迁之间的密切联系。本文选取佩罗的《小红斗篷》、格林兄弟的《小红帽》与马其塞特郡童话集的《红斗篷》三篇＂小红帽＂改写史上代表性的作品进行深度的伦理分析。《小红斗篷》从17世纪法国贵妇的沙龙脱颖而出,切合了法国贵族的伦理观念,既是对儿童的教化又是对成人的警戒。《小红帽》适应了资产阶级社会化的要求,是真正以儿童为受众的家庭童话,充满了训诫意味,表现出了法律和秩序意识。《红斗篷》从女性主义的伦理观念出发,彻底改变了长期以来小红帽故事关于女性歧视性的刻板印象,彰显了女性的独立自主及其聪明才智,歌颂了祖孙两代女性之间的姊妹情谊。《红斗篷》中红斗篷的狼皮衬里颇具伦理象征意味。

The fairy tale Little Red Cap is an ethically valuable literary text.The dramatic transformation of ＂Little Red Cap＂ in 300 years reveals the close relation between ethical discourse and social changes.Charles Perrault＇s Little Red Riding Hood（LRRH）,Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm＇s Little Red Cap（LRC）and Red Riding Hood（RRH）in The Merseyside Fairy Story Collective are three representative works in the history of the rewriting of ＂Little Red Cap＂.LRRH,which came from the salon of French noble women in the 17th century,met the ethical needs of the French aristocracy.It was a strong warning to both children and adults.LRC,as a true family fairy tale for children,satisfied the requirement of bourgeois socialization and implied the intention of law and order.RRH which profoundly changed the stereotyped image of the women characters in the ＂Little Red Cap＂ series,expressed female＇s independence and wisdom,and eulogized the sisterhood between Nadia and her grandmother.The lining of wolf＇s fur in RRH is a remarkable ethical symbol.