寰椎的测量及临床应用意义

Measurement of Atlas and Its Significance for Clinical Application

目的测量国人寰椎骨,为寰椎螺钉设计和内固定提供解剖学依据。方法用游标卡尺和量角器测量55例干燥的成人寰椎标本的相关参数,包括寰椎侧块的长度、侧块中间宽度、侧块中间厚度、侧块外侧缘中点高度、侧块内侧缘中点高度、寰椎侧块的内倾角、寰椎侧块的上倾角、侧块后下缘的宽度和高度、寰椎前弓与侧块交接处高度和厚度;横突孔的前后径和左右径;椎动脉沟宽度和高度;椎动脉沟底骨质最薄处宽度和高度等等,并进行统计学分析。结果寰椎侧块长(23.29±1.47)mm,侧块中间宽(11.13±1.17)mm,侧块中间厚(13.33±1.40)mm,侧块外侧缘中点高(19.18±1.61)mm,侧块内侧缘中点高(10.45±1.46)mm;寰椎侧块的内倾角(19.95±3.32)°,寰椎侧块的上倾角(24.53±2.31)°;侧块后下缘宽(9.64±0.94)mm,侧块后下缘高(4.27±0.63)mm;前弓与侧块交接处高(11.05±1.12)mm,前弓与侧块交接处厚(4.82±0.65)mm;横突孔的前后径(7.30±0.89)mm,横突孔的左右径(5.90±0.78)mm;椎动脉沟宽(8.40±0.58)mm,椎动脉沟高(6.38±0.79)mm;椎动脉沟底骨质最薄处宽(7.25±1.27)mm,椎动脉沟底骨质最薄处高(4.16±0.83)mm。以上数据左、右侧比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论测得55例寰椎骨数据,寰椎侧块和寰椎椎弓根具备实行内固定的条件。

Objective To measure Chinese atlas so as to provide anatomical data for the screw design and fixation Of the atlas. Methods The relative parameters of 55 sets of dry Chinese adults＇atlas specimens were measured with a vernier caliper and a goniometer, including the length of the lateral mass of atlas, the middle width and thickness of atlas lateral mass, the midpoint of the lateral border of the lateral mass height, the midpoint of the medial margin of lateral mass height, the longitudinal direction of lateral mass to sagittal and frontal plane, the width and height of posterior edge of atlas lateral mass, the height and thickness of atlas at the junction of anterior arch and lateral mass. the anteriorposterior diameter and transverse diameter foramen, the height and width in vertebral artery channel, the height and width bone of vertebral artery groove at the bottom of the thinnest ect. The data were also statistically an- alyzed. Results The length of atlas lateral mass is （23. 295：1.47） mm, the middle width and thickness of atlas lateral mass is （11.13± 1.17）mm, the midpoint of the lateral border of the lateral mass height is （19, 185±1.61）ram, the midpoint of the lateral border of the lateral mass height is （9. 645±0. 94）mm, the longitudinal direction of lateral mass to sagittal and frontal plane is respectively （19. 955±3.32）°and （24. 53±2.31）°the width and height of posterior edge of atlas lateral mass are respectively （9. 64±0. 94）mm and （4. 275±0. 63）mm; the height and thickness of atlas at the junction of anterior arch and lateral mass are （11.05± 1.12）mm and （4. 825：0. 65）mm; the anteriorposterior diameter and transverse diameter foramen are respectively （7. 305±0. 89）mm, （5. 905±0.78）ram and the height and width in vertebral artery channel is （8.40±0. 58）mm, （6.38~0. 79）mm;the height and width of the thinnestpoint at the bottom of the bone of vertebral artery groove are respectively （7.25±1.27）mm and （4.16±0. 83）mm. The above data on the left and right is shown to be no significant difference （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The data of Chinese atlas of 55 cases is obtained successfully, which may be using for the internal fixation in the posterior on edge of atlas lateral mass and atlas pedicle.