英汉时间隐喻空间化认知对比研究

A Cognitive Approach to English-Chinese Comparative Study ofTemporal-Spatial Metaphors

隐喻是英语和汉语中表达时间概念的重要手段。莱考夫提出的"时间流逝是运动"隐喻中,水平层面的"时间在动"和"自我在动"两个系统不仅存在于英语,同样也存在于汉语。在垂直层面上,汉语使用"上——下"空间隐喻模式表征时间概念的频率远高于英语。尽管如此,英汉语在使用空间概念理解和阐释时间方面共性远大于差异,说明时间的空间隐喻性思维在二者中具有普遍性及跨文化相似性。

Metaphor is an important means of expressing time in English and Chinese.The Time-Mov-ing and Ego-Moving schemas in the conceptual metaphor ＂Time Passing is Motion＂ by Lakoff is applica-ble to both English and Chinese.The comparative study of temporal metaphors in English and Chinese shows that although the spatial concepts of UP/DOWN are more commonly used in the temporal metaphors in Chinese,there exists an universal existence and a similar application of temporal metaphors in the two languages,thus the common features of human cognition of time among the two nations are proved and the similarities between the two cultures are clarified.