摘要
北海白话的单音否定词有"冇"、"未"、"不"和"无"。"冇"的使用频率最高,"不"和"无"带有书面色彩。"冇"表示没有,否定存在、已然,可以是动词,也可以是副词。"冇"表示不,否定认可、当然、将然,是副词。北海白话的否定词跟广州和北京的否定词呈错综对应,北京的副词"没有"在北海要分别用"冇"和"未"。北海的"冇"、"未"是有区别的。
This paper discusses the four monophonic negatives of 冇,未,不,无 in Beihai dialect.冇 is used more frequently than the other three negatives.不 and 无 are used in written form. 冇 can be used as a verb or as an adverb when it means ＂no＂,＂inexistence＂ ,negating the facts already happened. It can be used as an adverb when it means ＂not＂,＂denial＂ ,negating certainty and the things to happen in the future. The negative words in Beihai dialect are complexly corresponding to those in Guangzhou dialect and Beijing dialect. Beijing dialect uses the adverb 没有,while Beihai dialect uses 冇 and 未.But there are differences between 冇 and 未 in Beihai dialect.
