婴幼儿气质与进食行为问题的相关研究

Study on temperament characteristics of children with feeding disorders.

【目的】了解进食行为问题婴幼儿的气质类型及气质各维度的特点,探讨气质在婴幼儿进食行为问题的发生中所起的作用,为进食行为问题的干预提供相应的理论依据。【方法】采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取6个区数个街道2～36个月的960名健康婴幼儿进行进食问卷调查及用气质问卷进行气质测定和分析,收回填写完整有效的问卷共873份,应用SPSS11.5统计软件进行分析。【结果】有进食问题的婴幼儿中易养型与中间偏易养型占43%,中间偏难养型、难养型和启动缓慢型占57%;无进食问题的婴幼儿中易养型与中间偏易养型占67.4%,中间偏难养型、难养型和启动缓慢型占32.6%,同时两组婴幼儿的气质类型构成间差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.1,P<0.05);两组婴幼儿气质维度中的节律性、适应性、反应强度和注意分散度得分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】进食行为问题婴幼儿的气质有其独特性,对于进食行为问题婴幼儿的喂养要依据其气质类型采取相应的方法,减少不良进食行为的发生,使他们在适宜的环境中生长。

【Objective】 To find out the temperament characteristics of children with feeding disorders. 【Methods】 With random cluster sampling,a total of 960 children were chosen from several communities in 6 districts of Shanghai with survey questionnaire and temperament scale.873 available questionnaires had been collected.SPSS 11.5 was used to analyze the feedback results. 【Results】 There was significant difference between children with feeding disorders and children without feeding disorders in temperament type distribution（P〈0.05）.At the level of temperament dimension,the rhythmicity,adaptability,intensity of reaction,attention dispersion of children with feeding disorders were significantly different from that of children without feeding disorders（P〈0.05）. 【Conclusions】 It＇s importent to chose appropriate educational mode according to their temperament dimensions,which would contribute greatly to healthy development of children.