青海盐湖碳源/汇功能初探

Carbon sink or source to salt lakes in Qinghai

应用静态箱-气相色谱法和化学分析法对青海东台吉乃尔盐湖(硫酸盐型)及茶卡盐湖(氯化物型)新生盐壳、盐壳、河岸淤泥的碳通量和相应区域的盐份及水份CO3-2、HCO3-含量进行了测定,以探索青海盐湖在地球碳循环中的作用。结果表明:东台吉乃尔盐湖为碳的弱汇,其碳的吸收能力为40.2g.m-2.a-1～94.5g.m-2.a-1;茶卡盐湖为碳的弱源,其碳的释放能力为16.2g.m-2.a-1～110.1g.m-2.a-1。东台吉乃尔盐湖CO3-2、HCO3-含量新生盐壳分层特征差异不显著;而盐壳CO3-2、HCO3-含量为0～10cm显著高于30～40cm,其余各层差异不显著(p<0.05)。茶卡盐湖CO 3-2含量东台吉乃尔盐湖新生盐壳,但与东台吉乃尔盐湖盐壳之间未达到显著性差异(p<0.05)。茶卡盐湖河流入口处水份中HCO3-含量显著低于该盐湖新生盐壳,而CO3-2未检测出。研究仅是一次对青海盐湖碳平衡问题的初步探索,其碳源/汇效应受到盐湖类型、碳的吸收释放能力、盐层的发展阶段以及盐产品生产加工和去向等诸多环节的影响。

Carbon flux characteristics and the concentration of CO 3-2and HCO 3-in salt lake,Dongtaijinar（DTJ） and Caqia（CQ） in Qinghai Province,were determined with the static chamber-GC and chemical methods.The results show that in lake DTJ carbon sink is weak with the fixation between 40.2 and 94.5gC.m-2.a-1;However,in lake CQ carbon emission is weak with the emission of 16.2gC.m-2.a-1 ～110.1gC.m-2.a-1.The concentrations of CO 3-2and HCO 3-are significantly higher at 0-10 cm than that of 30-40 cm（p 0.05） at old salt shell and no difference exists among every 10cm depth in new salt shell for lake DTJ.The concentration of CO 3-2at 0-10cm depth in new salt shell in lake CQ is distinguishably higher than that of lake DTJ（p 0.05）,whereas it shows no significant difference compared with old salt shell in DTJ.It is a primarily research for carbon balance of salt lake in Qinghai,the type of carbon pool and capacity of carbon absorbing /releasing are affected by the salt type,salt shell development stage and probably influenced by chemical procedure in factory.