新疆精河流域LUCC及其驱动因素分析

Land use/cover change and the driving factors in Jinghe Basin of Xinjiang

在RS和GIS技术支持下,全面分析了新疆精河流域1990年～2001年土地利用的时空变化,并对土地利用变化的驱动因素进行了详尽分析。结果表明:⑴12年来流域315972.99hm2的土地利用发生了变化,占全流域土地利用面积的33.44%。土地利用类型变化主要表现为低密度草地、农田向荒漠的转化,农田、荒漠向高密度草地的转化,以及荒漠向农田的转化,五者的变化面积共计166683.69hm2,占全流域土地利用变化面积的52.75%。⑵精河流域土地利用/覆被变化受到自然因素和人文因素的共同影响,其中自然因素限制了土地利用的方式,人文因素则是流域土地利用格局变化的直接驱动力,流域人口剧增造成的消费需求以及社会经济的发展是流域耕地变化,进而导致流域系列土地利用变化的根本原因。

Using GIS and RS,the land use spatio-temporal changes of Jinghe basin during 1990 and 2001 were analyzed.Moreover,the driving forces of land use change were analyzed.The conclusions were as follows： ⑴ From 1990 to 2001,the total area of land cover conversion was 315972.99hm2,which was 33.44% of the study area.The main transforming processes included： the low-density grassland and farmland were converted to desert,farmland and desert were converted to high-density grassland,desert was converted to farmland.All above conversion area summed up to 166683.69hm2,which was 52.75% of the land cover conversions area.⑵ LUCC in Jinghe basin was commonly affected by natural and human factors.The natural factors limited the land use pattern.The human factors such as policy,economic development and population growth and so on,were the direct driving force.The rapidly increasing population caused severe farmland changes,and then caused serial land use changes.