和田市近54年日照时数的变化特征分析

Variation of sunshine hour in recent 54 years in Hotan

利用和田市气象站1955～2008年54a日照时数实测资料,使用线性倾向率、Morlet小波、Mann-kendal突变等方法分析了日照时数的年(代)际、各季和月的趋势变化及年的周期和突变特征。结果表明:近54年和田市年日照时数呈现增多的趋势,变化率为20.2h/10a;年代际变化20世纪70年代相对偏少,21世纪00年代相对偏多;春、秋、冬季日照时数亦呈增多趋势,春季变化率为15.4h/10a,通过95%显著性水平检验,秋、冬季变化率分别为4.3h/10a、1.9h/10a,夏季日照时数呈减少趋势,变化率为-1.9h/10a;月平均日照时数最少月在2月,最多月在10月;2～6、9～11月日照时数呈增加趋势,1、7～8、12月日照时数呈减少趋势;年日照时数具有准27、11(1995年以后18年)、6、3年的年代际和年际震荡周期,1956年为突变减少点。

The data of sunshine hours from Hotan Meteorological Observation Station during the period of 1954 ～ 2008 were used to analyzed the change trend of annual、seasonal、monthly and the annual cycle、abrupt change features using the methods of linear tendency rate、Morlet wave and Mann-kendal abrupt change etc.The sdudy indicated the sunshine hours of Hotan was increasing at the trend rate of 20.2h/10a.Annual and decadal changes were relatively small in 1960s,and comparatively large in 2000s.Spring,autumn and winter sunshine hours were also increasing,the trend rate of spring was 15.4h/10a and the fluctuation was 95% significant,the trend rates of it in autumn and winter are 4.3 /10a and 1.9h/10a,summer sunshine hours was decreasing at the trend rate of 1.9h/10a;February had the least monthly sunshine hours and October had the most,the sunshine hours have a upward trend from Feb to Jun and Sep to Nov,the trend in Jan,Jul,Aug and Dec were decreasing.Annual sunshine hours had the fluctuation period of 22 years、11 years（18 years after1995）,6years and 3years,1956 was the abrupt change decreasing point.