胞红蛋白的结构功能与药理学活性研究进展

Recent Advances in Structure,Function and Pharmacological Activity of Cytoglobin

胞红蛋白是珠蛋白家族的新成员,能够调节O2及NO的代谢、清除胞内活性氧自由基,在组织缺氧或氧化应激发生时能够维持细胞氧化还原平衡,起到良好的细胞保护作用,其在抗纤维化、抗肿瘤及其他疾病治疗方面已经显示出一定成药性。该文综合近年研究成果,总结了胞红蛋白结构、组织分布、表达调节、生理功能及其药理学活性等方面的研究进展。

Cytoglobin （Cygb）, a member of the hexacoordinate globin superfamily （hxHb）, is expressed in all types of cells from a broad range of tissues. CYGB may act as an enzyme involved in energy metabolism and in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species（ROS） as well as in having peroxidase activity. However, it is most likely that the primary role of CYGB is in cellular oxygen homeostasis and supply. The studies support the hypothesis that cytoglobin plays an importnat role against cell death when cellular oxygen supply is critical, for example, cytoprotection of neuronal cells from oxidative-related damage. Considerable attention has been focused on the potential benefits of use of Cygb in fibrosis therapy. Cygb has also been found to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene that might provide a new option for cancer gene therapy. Therefore, CYGB is a prospective drug for curing fibrosis, cancer, and other diseases. Now the present status of knowledge of the structures, distribution, expression patterns, physiological functions and medicinal value of the protein were all reviewed here.