先秦动词作定语语义句法及语用分析

A Pragmatic Analysis of Semantics and Syntax of Verbs as Attribute in the Pre-Qin Period

文章以先秦有代表性的文献为研究对象,穷尽性搜集了其中动词作定语的用例,并从语义、句法和语用方面进行分析,认为:1.在语义组合方面,动词与中心词的结合以意合为主,与语境联系非常紧密;2.在句法结构方面,"VP+之+NP"形式占大多数,"VP+之+NP"形式的用例中,偶数音节占绝大多数,这与词汇的复音化和句法的严密化有关;3.在语用方面,动词直接作定语的双音节定中结构,在长期使用过程中凝固为固定形式,在类推造词的作用下,不断创造新词。

This paper examined the verbs as attribute based on the representative documents based on the representative documents in the Pre-Qin period from semantics,syntax and pragmatics.The conclusions are： 1.the verbs as attribute appear in two structures,one is ＂VP﹢NP＂,the other is ＂VP﹢Zhi﹢NP＂.2.Verbs connect headwords by parataxis and language environment.3.The majority of verbs as attribute is ＂VP﹢Zhi﹢NP＂ whose syllables mostly are even because of disyllablization of vocabulary and tightness of sentence structure.4.The disyllabic structure of ＂VP﹢NP＂ gradually becomes fixed forms under the application and constantly create new words by analogy.