试论新加坡政党体制及经验启示

Discourse Singapore's Party System and It Experience and Inspiration

政党体制主要是研究不同的政党间的运行模式,考察政党政治中的政党数量、竞争程度、政党之间的相互关系以及对政治体制的影响。莫里斯.迪韦尔热和和萨托利分别从政党数量和竞争程度对政党体制进行了分类。根据政党体制的分类,新加坡应属于"主导型政党体制",其特点表现为:竞争性、一党主导性、民主性和威权性。新加坡政党体制的成功运行,给我们提供了宝贵经验和成功启示:建立符合本国国情的政党体制和政治制度、探索主导党体制的监督制度、积极推动政党政治的民主化进程。

Party system defines the operation mode adopted to deal with the relationship between different parties within a country. It mainly concerns factors such as the number of the parties, the level of competition, the interaction among parties and its influence on the political system. Maurice Duverger and Giovanni Sartori have classified the party systems respectively, either on the basis of party number or level of competition. According to their conclusion, Singapore belongs to the 'dominant' category, featuring competition, one party in lead, democracy and authority. We can learn from Singapore's experience that one country should build its own party system and political system in accordance to the country's situation, the supervising system should be explored to restrict the ruling party's power, and the democracy of its party politics could be promoted.