毛泽东思想中“向外国学习”的理论渊源及实践意蕴

The Theoretical Origin of Mao Zedong Thought of "Learning from Foreign Countries" and its Practical Significance

世界上各民族的先进文化是毛泽东思想的一个重要的思想来源。毛泽东立足于中国发展较之外国落后的国情和赶超英美的豪情,阐明要以辩证态度对待和批判借鉴外国文化以使我国革命和建设事业有一个大的跃进、为人类进步事业做出积极贡献。所谓对外国文化的"辩证态度",即既不能搞"全盘西化",也不能盲目排外,要在批判的基础上借鉴吸收,要取其精华去其糟粕。探索毛泽东是如何达到对外国先进文化的批判和扬弃、结合和创新的辩证统一及其对我国新民主主义文化和社会主义文化的形成和发展产生了何种影响,对建设中国特色社会主义文化指导和启迪意义。

One important orgin of Mao＇s thought is the advanced cultures of all nations.Given the fact that China is far underdeveloped than other countries,Mao,with great ambition of surpassing the UK and the USA,points out that we should take a dialectical attitude toward foreign cultures,that is,critically examining them and drawing lessons from their advantages,so much that we can achieve a great leap in our revolution and construction,and therefore contribute significantly to human beings＇ progress.More specifically,the dialectical approach to foreign cultures neither means ＂wholesale westerniztion＂,nor blind exclusivism.Rather,it means drawing lessons from their advantages and abandon their disadvantages on the basis of critical evaluation.It is of great significance to our present construction of Chinese characteristic culture to explore how Mao realizes his critical use of foreign cultures,and the role it plays in the formation and development of the new democratic culture and socialist culture.