基于变速试验原理的材料切削加工性能快速评价方法

Rapid evaluating method of machinability based on variable-speed testing principle

针对传统的材料切削加工性能评价方法所需时间长、成本高,新型工件材料切削加工性能难以评价,切削参数尤其是切削速度难以达到最优化等问题,设计出一套从定量和定性2个方面快速评价材料切削加工性能的变速切削试验方法,并在其基础上实施验证性试验。该方法以Heginbotham和Pandey提出的变速试验原理为基础,采用相对可切削系数表征材料切削性能。研究结果表明:利用该方法对工件材料进行切削试验,所得的结果与刀具磨损理论结果相符,可信度高是切削速度评价范围扩大;同时,在变速切削条件下刀具达到失效标准时间短,节约了大量的工件材料和试验时间,从而实现材料切削加工性能的快速评价。此外,该评价方法的相关切削条件依据单刃车刀寿命试验标准ISO3685—1993设计,具有通用性,以便于不同科研人员之间的信息互换。

The traditional methods for evaluating machinability are costly and time-consuming,so the machinability of new material is difficult to evaluate,and the cutting parameters,in particular the cutting speeds of machining,are hard to be optimized. Therefore,a novel method was designed to evaluate the machinability of material,which is based on variable-speed testing principle proposed by Heginbotham and Pandey. The method characterized by relative machinable coefficient,could accomplish the assessment of machinability from quantitative and qualitative aspects in a short time. Furthermore,a confirmatory test was conducted to prove the feasibility of the method. The test results are consistent with theory results of tool wear,and the scope of cutting speed is extended. Moreover,with high reliability of machinability evaluation,a large number of materials can be saved since the tool life is short in the condition of variable-speed cutting. In addition,the method adopts ISO 3685—1993 which is widely used,which makes technical exchanges more convenient.