海底钴结壳采矿车微地形导向声纳探测的圆形阵设计

Ocean cobalt crusts mining vehicle tiny terrain direction sonar based on circular ultrasonic array

为解决海底钴结壳采矿车微地形导向探测性能差且不能检测同时到达的不同方向回波问题,提出构造声纳圆形平面阵以增强水平和垂直分辨率,设计新的均匀圆阵并在Fourier变换的框架下提出圆阵波束形成的快速算法,以提高探测系统的实时性。研究结果表明:圆形阵具有好的指向性,主波束比旁瓣高约5.5dB;在水底存在较强干扰的情况下,圆阵(14阵元)对于水底多结壳凸起目标仍具有较好的方向到达角分辨率,在不同的仰角(0·,-36·,-54·,72·)下对11处模拟钴结壳凸起物可实现准确定位。

Based on the fact that deep ocean mining vehicle uses linear array transducers to survey terrain,it gains deep sea cobalt crusts terrain,however,it can not discriminate multi-direction echoes,and uncertainties associated with the estimation of scatters depths are not completely explained,a 14-element uniform circular array was presented to gain cobalt crust terrain. For real-time processing,a fast beamforming algorithm within Fourier framework was proposed to improve computational efficiency. The results show that the planar circular array owns horizontal and vertical discrimination ability. In simulation,it gains high direction of arrival （DOA） discrimination ability,and main lobe is 5.5 dB higher than sidelobes power. To estimate the system＇s performance,the multi-cobalt crust convex objects localization test at elevation angle （0·,-36·,-54·,72·） can be carried out in shallow water.