SKS炼铅氧气底吹炉的分析

Exergy analysis of oxygen bottom blown furnace in SKS lead smelting system

为揭示SKS氧气底吹炉内、外部不可逆损失的机理,采用平衡分析法建立SKS氧气底吹炉的分析模型,对SKS氧气底吹炉的能量、损失分布状况以及效率进行计算和分析,并对热、平衡2种分析方法进行比较。研究结果表明:当没有烟气回收装置和余热利用设备时,SKS底吹炉的效率仅为25.28%,排烟损失、输出产品的物理和内部化学反应等不可逆损失达74.72%,炉子的节能潜力很大;总流量为1.5272752×1011J/h,远远大于总热流量6.3994250×1010J/h,说明平衡分析比热平衡分析更能反映SKS氧气底吹炉的物质流和能量流的本质,应推广采用效率来评价类似有色冶金炉窑的运行状况。

In order to reveal the mechanisms of the losses as the result of internal and external irreversibility in a bottom blown furnace in SKS lead smelting process,an exergy analysis model of the furnace was developed by adopting exergy balance approach. Energy and exergy loss distribution and exergy efficiency in the procedure of the furnace were computed and analyzed,and comparison between energy conservation analysis and exergy analysis was made. The results show that the exergy efficiency of the SKS bottom blown furnace is only 25.28% if there is no flue gas recovery equipment and waste heat recovery device,whereas the total exergy loss,which includes exergy loss caused by exhaust smoke,physical exergy loss of the output production and internal exergy loss due to irreversibility factors such as chemical reaction,etc.,accounts for 74.72%. Hence the furnace has great energy saving potential. The total exergy flow of 1.527 275 2×1011 J/h is much greater than the total heat flow of 6.399 425 0×1010 J/h,which shows that the essence indwelled in material and energy flow of the SKS bottom-blowing furnace is better manifested through exergy analysis than through energy conversation analysis. Therefore,the exergy efficiency approach should be widely used to assess the performance of metallurgical furnaces similar to bottom blown furnace.