社区超重与肥胖人群体重管理效果的研究

Effect of body weight management on community residents with over-weight or obesity

目的研究体重管理对社区中超重、肥胖或中心性肥胖人群的管理效果。方法应用慢病管理信息系统收集社区人群的数据资料建立个人健康档案，将筛查出的10560例超重、肥胖或中心性肥胖人群，其中男性4660例，女性5900例，平均年龄（58．1±12．0）岁。征询其意愿后，纳入体重管理信息单元，给予个体化的膳食与身体活动指导，并定期随访，平均管理时间为（9．0±5．8）个月，最长32个月，最短1个月，对其管理前后的体重变化情况进行分析。应用SPSS12．0统计包进行数据统计分析，计数资料率的比较采用X2检验，体重改变随管理时间变化的比较采用趋势X2检验，计量资料采用配对t检验。结果管理前后体重无变化者9848例（93．3％），体重减轻者499例（4．7％），体重增加者213例（2．0％）；其中超重且中心性肥胖者管理前后体重无变化、减轻和增加的比例分别为92．3％（6290／6817）、5．9％（403／6817）和1．8％（124／6817）；而单纯超重或肥胖者三者比例为95．5％（2888／3024）、2．8％（84／3024）和1．7％（52／3024）；单纯中心性肥胖组三者比例分别为93．2％（670／719）、1．7％（12／719）和5．1％（37／719）。结论体重管理对社区中超重、肥胖或中心性肥胖人群有较好的控制效果，管理对象中超重且中心性肥胖人群的管理效果好于单纯超重、肥胖或单纯中心性肥胖人群。

Objective To study the effect of body weight management on community residents with over-weight or obesity. Methods Chronic Disease Management Information System was used to establish personal health profile for 10 560 individuals with over-weight or obesity （4660 men and 5900 women, average age 58 ± 12 years ）. Guide for individualized food intake, physical activity were given to these participants for an average of 9 ± 6 months （ range, 1 to 32 months） with a following up. The change of body weight before and after the intervention was analyzed. Statistical software （SPSS 12. 0） was used for the data analysis, the frequencies, rate and trend were analysised by the chi-square test, the means in quatitaitve data was analyzed by the paired t-test. P valuse for statistiacal significance is set for 0. 05. Results A total of 9848 participants showed no change in body weight, although weight decrease or increase was seen in 499 and 213 ,respectively. Before and after the intervention, the proportion of weight remained, decrease or increase among over-weight ＋ central obesity individuals was 92. 3% （6290/6817） ,5.9% （403/6817） and 1.8% （124/6817） ; 95. 5% （2888/3024） ,2. 8% （84/3024） and 1.7% （52/3024） among the simple over-weight or obesity group; and 93.2% （670/719） ,1.7% （12/719） and 5. 1% （37/719） among the simple central obesity group, separately. Conclusions Body-weight management among central obesity individuals with over weight in communities is a more effective way of in terms of individule intervention than those individuals only with single over-weight, obesity or central obesity status.