绝育术后人群心理卫生状况调查

The mental health status in persons after sterilization

目的调查绝育术(包括输精管结扎术和输卵管结扎术)后人群的心理卫生状况,为预防绝育术后心身反应提供临床依据。方法对141名输卵管结扎术受术者和109名输精管结扎术受术者进行面访调查,填写自编一般资料问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)。结果绝育术后3月有49.5%的男性和66.7%的女性出现心身症状。男性SCL-90的焦虑、人际关系因子分与全国常模有显著性差异(t焦=1.996,t人=2.130,P<0.05),而女性的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分与全国常模有显著性差异(t躯=4.264,t抑=4.419,t焦=8.537,P<0.001),男女受术者之间躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分均有显著性差异(t躯=2.216,t抑=2.381,t焦=3.306,P<0.05)。女性心身症状的发生率比男性高(χ2=7.465,P=0.006)。无生育男孩受术者的SCL-90各因子分和心身症状的发生率均高于有生育男孩的受术者(χ2=36.076,P<0.001)。EPQ情绪稳定类型不同的受术者心身症状的发生率有显著性差异(χ2=45.897,P<0.001)。结论绝育术后部分受术者会出现心身症状。对高危人群如女性、未生育男孩或情绪不稳定型人格的受术者,应注意做好解释安抚工作,必要时请心理卫生专业人员心理辅导,以减少绝育术后心身症状的发生。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of the persons after sterilization（including vasoligation and tubal ligation）, and provide clinical evidence to prevent psychosomatic reaction after the surgery. Methods A total of 141 tubal ligation subjects and 109 vasoligation subjects were interviewed by the self - designed general information questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90 （ SCL - 90） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）. Results Psychosomatic symptoms appeared in 49.5% of the male and 66.7% of the female in the 3th month after sterilization. There were significant differences of the anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity factor scores in SCL - 90 between male recipients and national norm（ χ2 = 1. 996, χ2 = 2. 130 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. The significant difference existed between female group and national norm in the somatization, depression and anxiety factor scores in SCL - 90 （ ts = 4.264, ta = 4.419, ta = 8. 537, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Between men and women, the factor scores of somatization, depression and anxiety showed significant differ- ences （ t~ = 2.216, ta = 2.381, ta = 3. 306, P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of psychosomatic symptoms in women was signifi- cant higher than that in men （ χ2 = 7. 465, P = 0.006）. The subjects without a male offspring had significantly higher fac- tor scores of SCL- 90 and incidence of psychosomatic symptoms, compared with those without a male offspring（ χ2 = 36. 076 ,P 〈0.001 ）. Among the people with variant types of emotional stability in EPQ, significant differences were found in incidence of psychosomatic symptoms（ χ2 = 45. 897, P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion Some recipients may display psychosomatic reactions after the sterilization surgery. For these high - risk groups such as females, people without male offspring or the unstable emotional personality type, explaining and comforting is necessary, and professional psychological counseling is an important way to resort when necessary, in order to reduce psychosomatic reaction after sterilization.