贵阳市区金叶女贞上访花食蚜蝇物种多样性及访花行为研究

Study on species diversity and foraging behavior of flower-visiting hoverflies on Ligustrum vicaryi in Guiyang district

2008～2009年在贵阳市金叶女贞Ligustrum vicaryi开花期对访花食蚜蝇进行调查,共发现在金叶女贞上采食花蜜的食蚜蝇28种,隶属于2亚科17属,其中贵州新纪录14种;比较4个不同环境中的访花食蚜蝇多样性,高低依次为:河滨公园、省委大院、师大宝山校区和青云路,其中植被条件是影响物种丰富度的主要因子,而人的活动频繁程度则影响其均匀度。不同环境下访花食蚜蝇的相对密度、访花频率、花序上滞留时间和花序受访频率的值最大的分别是2.225±0.171头/m2(师大宝山校区)、12.633±8.227朵/min(省委大院)、91.314±88.666s(河滨公园)及1.633±1.245头/min(师大宝山校区),除了食蚜蝇自身所决定的访花频率和在花序上滞留时间差异不显著之外,其它方面存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。访花数量分别于上午10:00～11:00和下午15:00～16:00出现大小两个峰值。

The flower-visited hoverflies（Syrphidae） was investigated during bloom period of Ligustrum vicaryi in two years （2008～2009） in Guiyang district. 28 species,belonging to 17 genera and 2 subfamilies respectively,was discovered, in which 14 species were new records for Guizhou Province. The species diversity of flower-visiting hoverfly in 4 habitats was contrasted with each other and there were Hebin Park, compound of Guizhou Provincial Committee of CCP, Baoshan Campus of Guizhou Normal University and both sides of Qingyun Street from the fair good to the relative poorness. Good or bad plant cover was the primary facter that affeced species richness, but the evenness was influenced mainly by frequent level that people move about. In 4 investigated habitats above,the largest relative density value of flower-visiting hoverfly population was 2.225±0.171 numbers per square meter（Baoshan Campus of Guizhou Normal University）,the largest flower-visiting frequency value waw 12.633±8.227 flowers per minute （compound of Guizhou Provincial Committee of CCP）, the largest value of staying time in inflorescence of host plant was 91.314±88.666s（Hebin Park） and the largest frequent value of inflorescence being visited by hoverflies was 1.633±1.245 numbers per minute （Baoshan Campus of Guizhou Normal University）. Both the difference of flower-visiting frequency value and the difference of staying time in inflorescence in different investigated places were not significant, and the other values were somewhat in significant differences（P0.05）. There were two peaks of flower-visiting hoverfly quantity each day, i.e. 10：00～11：00 and 15：00～16：00.