转基因棉花主要靶标害虫的抗性发展及抗性治理策略研究

Research progress of the development of resistance of target insects and resistance management strategy

转基因棉花的大面积种植有效的控制了棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera、红铃虫Pectinophora gossypiella等靶标害虫的危害,然而抗性监测结果显示,转Bt基因棉田的棉铃虫耐受性正逐年提高,抗性问题已成为影响持续利用转Bt基因棉花的主要因素,发展新的转基因棉花势在必行。新的基因或蛋白的选择应以对靶标害虫高效、不易产生抗性,且与现在广泛应用的基因或蛋白无交互抗性为原则。本文综述了转Bt基因棉花的主要靶标害虫对Bt抗性的研究进展,及其与新抗虫转基因棉花的关系,并讨论了抗性治理策略的发展历程。

The main target insects on cotton, such as cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera and pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella were effectively controlled along with the insect-resistant transgenic cotton having been widly planted in China. But the monitoring records indicated that the tolerance of cotton bollworm increase was apparent year by year in the intensive planting area of Bt cotton, showing that the potential resistance risk from the target pest has become a major threat for sustainable planting of Bt cotton. So, it is imperative to develope the new types of transgenic cotton. The selection criterions of new gene or protein should be based on high effective to target insects, and hard to arouse resistance and have no cross-resistance to present widely used gene or protein. In this paper, we summarized the research evolutions on the resistance of target insects and their relationships with the development of new insect-resistant transgenic cotton, and discussed the course of resistance management strategy.