河北省白菜主要栽培品种吸收累积重金属镉的特征和质量安全性研究

Studies on the Uptake and Accumulation of Cadmium and Quality Safety about Hebei Major Chinese Cabbages Cultivars

针对蔬菜容易积累重金属引起重金属含量超标,为探明主要白菜品种重金属积累程度和特征,在温室采用土培试验对河北省20个白菜主要栽培品种吸收累积重金属Cd的特征进行了研究。试验结果表明,在土壤Cd达轻度污染和重度污染（土壤加入Cd为1.0、5.0mg/kg）的条件下,不同白菜品种地上部的Cd含量、吸Cd量和对Cd的富集系数均存在明显的差异（P〈0.05）,最大相差近3~4倍。在土壤加入Cd含量为1.0mg/kg时,白菜新北京三号、北京小杂60、太空三号和丰抗78地上部的Cd含量低于0.05mg/kg,为低积累Cd品种。在土壤加入Cd含量为5.0mg/kg时,白菜新北京三号、北京小杂60和丰抗78地上部的Cd含量低于0.2mg/kg。同一白菜品种的Cd富集系数是相对稳定,可以作为白菜安全生产时品种选择的重要指标。

Vegetables easily accumulating heavy metal to exceeded standard amount.For better understand the heavy metal accumulation degree and characteristics of major Chinese cabbages cultivars.Soil culture experiments were performed to study the Cd uptake and accumulation about 20 Hebei major Chinese cabbages cultivars.Obvious difference was observed in Cd uptake and Cd accumulation among all the species.The difference between maximum and minimum of shoot Cd concentration and Cd uptake among all Chinese cabbages were 3~4 times under same soil （ Cd concentration1.0,5.0 mg/kg ）.the Chinese cabbage species ‘ Xinbeijing 3 ’,‘ Beijing xiaoza 60 ’,‘ Taikong 3 ’ and ‘ Fengkang 78 ’ contented Cd lower than 0.05 mg/kg ,belong to low accumulation species when the soil Cd concentration reached 1.0 mg/kg.‘ Xinbeijing 3 ’,‘ Beijing xiaoza 60 ’ and ‘ Fengkang 78 ’ contented Cd lower than 0.2 mg/kg when the soil Cd concentration reached 5.0 mg/kg,.The accumulating coefficient of the cabbage varieties is relatively stable.It can be used as an important indicator for screening cabbage varieties.