波形梁护栏端头事故仿真分析与解决方案

Simulation and Resolving Method of W-beam Guardrail Terminal Accidents

车辆正面碰撞圆头式和地锚式端头时会发生恶性事故,建立有限元模型,分析事故形态和原因,提出一种新型端头结构形式,并对其可行性进行研究。研究结果表明,正面碰撞圆头式端头时,会发生波形梁板刺穿车体的事故;正面碰撞地锚式端头时,会发生翻车的事故;圆头式端头不能移动且面积小是波形梁板插入车体的主要原因;车辆爬升地锚式端头是翻车的主要原因;通过仿真和试验证明新型端头利用卷曲波形梁吸收车辆动能,避免波形梁插入车体和翻车事故,保护乘员安全。

Serious accidents will happen if car impacts Bullet-headed or anchored w-beam guardrail terminal.Finite element analysis models were set up to simulate car impact to the two kinds of guardrail terminals in frontal direction.The accident configuration and the reason to induce the accident were analyzed and a new type w-beam guardrail terminal structure was brought out based on the simulation result.The analysis indicates that w-beam terminal will pierce into the car body when car impacts Bullet-headed guardrail terminal in frontal direction,and car will turn over when car impacts anchored guardrail terminal in frontal direction.The reason that the terminal penetrate into the car body is that the bullet-headed terminal is unmovable and the impact area is small;the reason that the car turning over is the car climbing the anchored terminal along its slope.A new type guardrail terminal is proved by FEA and test that passengers can be protected by it through rolling w-beam to absorb accident car＇s kinetic energy,which avoids piercing of w-beam into car or turning over of accident car.