肌腱组织工程支架与种子细胞研究进展

Progress of Scaffoldsand Seed Cells with Tissue Engineering Tendon

目的:综述肌腱组织工程支架材料、细胞来源、制备技术及体外构建的研究进展。方法:查阅近期肌腱组织工程研究的相关文献,对组织工程肌腱支架的材料来源、制备技术,复合细胞种类,体外构建力学刺激等进行分析、归纳。结果:肌腱组织工程支架材料有天然材料、人工合成材料及复合材料等;制备技术包括静电纺丝和编织法等;其中支架材料的表面修饰是组织工程化肌腱构建的重要环节。与肌腱材料进行复合的种子细胞有肌腱细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞及成纤维细胞等。结论:复合材料是近年肌腱组织工程支架材料研究的重点,静电纺丝技术是一种具有潜力的支架制备技术,支架材料的表面修饰可促进细胞在支架上的黏附及肌腱的形成,种子细胞的研究仍是肌腱组织工程发展的瓶颈,周期性张力的存在为组织工程化肌腱的形成创造了条件。

Objective：To review the progress of materials, preparative technique,endothelialization modification of scaffold and biomechanical for tendon tissue engineering.Methods：The recent orifinal articles about tendon tissue engineering were extensively reviewed.Results：Materials,which could be applied as tendon scaffold,include natural materials,biodegradable polymers and composite materials.Electrospinning and knitting were applied to prepare the scaffold of tendon tissue engineering.Modification of scaffold was one of the most important elements for tendon tissue engineering.Cells which are cocultured with materials,including tenocytes, marrow stroma cells and skin fibroblasts,etc.Conclusion：The focus of tendon tissue engineering is composite materials.Electrospinning technology is a technology of potential scaffold preparation.Modification of scaffold can improve the ability of adhesion with cells and the formation of tendon.The research of cells is still the bottleneck of the development of tendon tissue engineering.The existence of periodic tension could create the conditions for the formation of tendon.