1999—2003年陕西省森林生态系统固碳释氧服务功能价值评估

Evaluation of forest ecosystem carbon fixation and oxygen release services in Shaanxi Province from 1999 to 2003

基于陕西省森林生态系统的长期、连续定位观测,采用陕西省第6次森林资源清查数据,根据陕西省南北部气候差异显著的情况,采用森林在陕西南、北不同气候带下的实际生产力计算了森林生态系统固碳释氧的实物量。并采用市场价值法、费用代替法、替代工程法、Volume-derived biomass等方法估算森林生态系统固碳释氧服务功能的经济价值。结果表明:19992003年间,(1)陕西省北部森林生态系统年固碳量524.6×104t,年释氧量1404.6×104t,单位面积年固碳量1.364t/(hm.2a),单位面积年释氧量3.652t/(hm.2a)。(2)南部森林生态系统年固碳量1797×104t,年释氧量5918.9×104t,单位面积年固碳量3.459t/(hm.2a);南部单位面积年释氧量9.260t/(hm.2a)。陕西省南部森林生态功能明显优于北部森林。(3)从森林类型来看,林分单位面积生态功能最强,经济价值最大,疏林地的功能和价值则最小。(4)陕西省森林生态系统年固碳经济价值是328.27×108元,年释氧经济价值为732.35×108元,总价值1060.62×108元。(5)文中对陕西省优势树种固碳释氧功能的计算由于未能按照不同林龄分别计算,存在一定误差,需要进行更为深入、细致的研究。

From 1999 to 2003,the estimated carbon fixation per year was 526. 4 × 10^4t in northern Shaanxi,with 1404. 6 × 10^4t oxygen released per year. The values were equivalent to 1. 364t/（hm^2·a） carbon fixation per unit area per year and 3. 652t/（hm^2·a） oxygen released per unit area per year. Equivalent numbers for the south were 1797 × 10^4t C,5918. 9 × 10^4t O2,3. 459t/（hm^2·a） C and 9. 26 t/（hm^2·a） O2. C fixation value per year in Shaanxi forests is 328. 27 × 10^8 Yuan,oxygen released per year is 732. 35 × 10^8 Yuan and total value is 1060. 62 × 10^8 Yuan. Long-term and continuous observations of forest ecosystems were used in the survey. Data was taken from the sixth Shaanxi Province forest resources inventory,which showed a huge difference between the southern and northern climates of Shaanxi Province. Actual productivities in the different climatic zones of Shaanxi Province were used to estimate forest ecosystem carbon fixation and oxygen release services. These values were estimated by applying the method of market value,the method of substitution of expenses,the law of shadow project and the method of volume-derived biomass. Ecological functions in southern Shaanxi were clearly better than in the north. The forest stands had the highest value and function while the woodlands had the lowest. The total value of forest ecosystem C and O2 services per year in Shaanxi Province was estimated at 1060 × 10^8 Yuan. More in-depth and detailed studies appeared necessary because the estimated carbon fixation and oxygen release values for dominant species were not classified by stand age.