胸径、构件和季节对南方红豆杉中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量的影响

Effects of diameter at breast height,modules and seasons on Taxol and 10-DAB contents in Taxus Chinensis var.mairei

系统采集了12个不同胸径的南方红豆杉当年生针叶和树皮样品,用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)测定其紫杉醇(taxol)和10-去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ(10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ,10-DAB)含量,结果显示针叶的两种被测试物质含量的平均值分别为0.0127mg·g-1和0.0805mg·g-1,树皮的这两种物质含量平均值分别为0.1164mg·g-1和0.4842mg·g-1。当年生针叶、树皮中紫杉醇含量与胸径相关性不显著。对植株不同构件(枝条、针叶、树皮和根)中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量的测定表明,根中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量最高,当年生针叶紫杉醇含量最低。天然和人工栽培南方红豆杉当年生针叶中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量呈明显的季节变化,各月份间含量差异显著,人工栽培和天然植株针叶在生长速度明显减缓的10月份,紫杉醇和10-DAB含量均出现一个明显的峰值。

Taxol,a diterpene with exceptional anticancer activity,occurs as a very minor component in several species of Taxus.By collecting the samples of 12 Taxus chinensis var.mairei trees of different diameters at breast height,the contents of taxol and 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ（10-DAB） in the barks and 1-year-old needles were analyzed by UPLC.The average contents of the taxol and 10-DAB were 0.0127 and 0.0805 mg·g^-1 in 1-year-old needles and 0.1164 and 0.4842 mg·g^-1 in barks,respectively.The contents of taxol in barks and 1-year-old needles had no correlation with tree diameter at breast height.The results of analysis on different modules（branches,needle,barks and roots） showed that the contents of taxol and 10-DAB were highest（0.3527 mg·g^-1） in roots,and the contents of taxol were lowest in 1-year-old needles（0.0096 mg·g^-1）.10-DAB was not detectable in 1-year-old needles.There were significant differences in the contents of taxol among 1-year-old needles,branches and roots.The contents of taxol and 10-DAB in 1-year-old needles displayed significant seasonal variation.The contents of taxol and 10-DAB of the needle from both natural and cultivated T.chinensis var.mairei all had a significant peak value in October when plants slowed down their growth.