两种草蛉对取食棉花的扶桑绵粉蚧的嗅觉反应(英文)

Olfactory responses of green lacewings,Chrysoperla sp. ( carnea group) and Mallada desjardinsi on mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis ( Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) fed on cotton

捕食性的普通草蛉Chrysoperla sp.(carnea group)和安平草蛉Mallada desjardinsi(Navas)(脉翅目:草蛉科)的寄主-生境定位取决于其觅食行为以及对各阶段释放的植物气味的行为反应。本研究调查了这两种交配的草蛉成虫以及取食棉花的扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis的反应,以便了解它们之间的三重营养关系。结果表明:草蛉雄虫和雌虫均能感受到棉花植株释放的绿叶挥发物;植株的各个阶段均可使捕食性昆虫和绵粉蚧定位。在受绵粉蚧为害的棉叶上饱和烃含量高,说明草蛉成虫的反应更为强烈;在植株受为害期和开花期释放捕食性昆虫,可提高田间捕食性昆虫的作用。这些结果提示有效的生物防治取决于捕食性昆虫在植株上的天然定殖能力以及对害虫的吞食能力。

Host-habitat location of the green lacewing predators,Chrysoperla sp. （ carnea group） and Mallada desjardinsi （ Navas） （ Neuroptera： Chrysopidae） depends on the foraging decisions and behavioral responses towards the plant odors released at various phases. The response of mated adults and mealybug （ Phenacoccus solenopsis） infesting cotton were studied to understand the tritrophic interactions. Results revealed that both male and female perceived the green leaf volatiles emanating from the cotton plant. All the stages of the plant were responsible for the orientation of the predator and the mealybug. Higher amounts of the saturated hydrocarbons in the infested cotton leaves revealed better responses of the chrysopid adults. The efficacy of the predators can be increased in the fields by releasing the predators at the infested and flowering phase of the plant. Efficient biological control depends on the ability of the natural to establish on the plant and devouring of the pest.