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小胶质细胞的发育和功能 被引量:10

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摘要 小胶质细胞(microglia)广泛分布在中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS),从数量上小胶质细胞占中枢神经系统中整个胶质细胞数目的5%~20%。关于小胶质细胞的起源,目前仍有争议。少数人认为,小胶质细胞起源于外胚层。也有人认为,小胶质细胞来源于骨髓造血干细胞。Hortega的经典见解认为,此种细胞来源于中胚层,是胚胎发育后期开始形成血管时侵入脑内的。小胶质细胞是CNS固有的免疫成分细胞,正常情况下处于静止状态,缺乏吞噬功能,但具有吞饮功能和一定的迁移能力。小胶质细胞活化是CNS在许多病理条件下,有时甚至是非常微弱刺激作用下的常见反应,表现为小胶质细胞在局部不同程度的增生与聚集,同时常伴有细胞形态、免疫表型与功能等一系列的变化。
出处 《解剖学研究》 CAS 2010年第3期213-217,共5页 Anatomy Research
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参考文献35

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