蹄盖蕨科5种植物管状分子的研究

Tracheary Elements in Five Species of Athyriaceae from China

采用扫描电镜观察了国产蹄盖蕨科3属5种植物的管状分子,发现安蕨属、拟鳞毛蕨属和蹄盖蕨属管状分子结构类似,具体可分为3种类型:(1)梯状穿孔板,无穿孔板二型性现象;(2)梯状穿孔板,有穿孔板二型性现象;(3)梯状-网状混合穿孔板。除长江蹄盖蕨不具有梯状穿孔板,有穿孔板二型性现象外,其余4种均具有上述3种类型。该结果支持安蕨属、拟鳞毛蕨属和蹄盖蕨属三者之间有亲密关系的观点,并在前人基础上提出了新的管胞定义:管胞是指维管植物木质部中存在的一类狭长中空,端部圆凸或尖削,不具有明显端壁,侧壁具有多个侧壁穿孔板,纹孔膜从缺失到不同程度存在的死细胞。

Tracheary elements of 5 species of 3 genera（Athyriaceae） from China were studied by scanning electron microscopy.Tracheary elements of Anisocampium,Kuniwatsukia and Athyrium have the similar structure,they can be divided into three types：（1）scalariform perforation plate,perforation pit without dimorphic;（2）Scalariform perforation plate,perforation pit with dimorphic;（3）Reticulate-scalariform perforation plate,perforation pit with dimorphic.The second type were not found in Athyrium iseanum,and all the three types were found in other four species.The results support the viewpoint that Anisocampium,Kuniwatsukia and Athyrium have consanguinity.Based on this study and previous research,we show a new definition of trachied：trachied is a kind of dead cell in xylem of vascular plant,which is narrow and hollow and has an edgy or finely rounded terminus without distinct end wall,and there are some perforation plates on lateral wall.Pit membranes are complete deletion or remnant in different degrees.