新疆沙漠化防治区划及分区防治技术与模式

Regionalization of controlling sandy desertification in Xinjiang and suitable controlling techniques and modes of the regions

按照区划的原则、依据和方法,将新疆的沙漠化防治区划分为2个一级区、7个二级区和22个三级区。其中,一级区北疆温带干旱半干旱沙漠化和潜在沙漠化防治区划分了准噶尔盆地亚区、阿尔泰山及准东丘陵亚区、准噶尔西部山地亚区、天山北坡亚区共4个二级区,一级区南疆暖温带极端干旱沙漠化和潜在沙漠化防治区划分了塔里木盆地亚区、天山南坡亚区、昆仑-阿尔金山亚区共3个二级区。针对各区的沙漠化特点,分别提出了沙漠化防治策略及防治技术与模式。

With two-thirds of China＇s desert area,Xinjiang is an inland province with the largest and most widely distributed sandy desertification land and is the province which is most seriously harmed by sandy disaster in China.Sandy desertification is seriously threatening and restricting Xinjiang＇s ecological security and development of society and economy,and endangers the environmental quality and sustainable development of society and economy of east China.The regionalization of sandy desertification preventing and controlling regionalization is of great importance in arid or semi-arid regions to guard against and control sandy desertification.Up to now,however,the researches on sandy desertification preventing and controlling regionalization of Xinjiang are not systematic and comprehensive.Based on scientific analysis of genetic conditions and status quo of sandy desertification and their spatial differentiation law in Xinjiang,this paper proposes a regionalization plan of sandy desertification prevention and control in Xinjiang by a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.In this plan,in order to link up with the national regionalization of sandy desertification control,the two improvement sub-regions of Xinjiang in the ＂national anti-desertification planning＂,only whose names are adjusted,are taken as the first level regions.In light of the vastness of Xinjiang and the significant differences in genetic and evolutional conditions of sandy desertification in various geomorphic regions,the second level regions were marked off based on large geomorphic units.On the basis of the second level regions,the third level regions are partitioned off according to the difference of one or multiple factors such as middling and small physiographical units,causes of sandy desertification,land cover types,conditions of desert vegetation cover,characteristics of wind drift sand activities and situation of sand disasters,difficulty level of sandy desertification control,consistency of countermeasures on sandy desertification and so on.In accordance with the principles,bases and methods of zoning,Xinjiang is divided into 2 first-level regions,7 second-level regions and 22 third-level regions in its regionalization scheme of controlling sandy desertification.Among the regions,the preventing and controlling desertification and latent desertification（first-level） region of temperate,arid and semi-arid north Xinjiang is divided into 4 second-level regions,which are Junggar basin sub-region,Altay Mountain and east Junggar Hills sub-region,west Junggar Mountain sub-region,and Tianshan Mountain＇s northern slope sub-region.The preventing and controlling desertification and latent desertification（first-level） region of warm temperate,extremely arid south Xinjiang is divided into 3 second-level regions,which are Tarim Basin sub-region,Tianshan Mountain＇s southern slope sub-region,and Kunlun-Altyn mountain sub-region.The regionalization scheme also shows that sandy desertification mainly occurs in plains or basins of middling or low elevation especially in Junggar basin and Tarim basin,and the southern brim of Tarim basin is the most serious area of sand disaster.This area should be taken as the preferential area for sandy desertification control.Finally,according to the status and characteristics of sandy desertification in each third level region,the paper suggests some suitable controlling techniques and modes respectively.