天麻多糖的抗衰老作用

Effects of Polysaccharides from Gastrodia Elata Bl on Anti-aging of Ageing Mice

目的研究天麻多糖对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠生理机能的影响。方法实验小鼠随机分为5组,分别为正常对照组,模型组,天麻多糖低、中、高剂量〔2.5、5.0、10.0mg/(g.d)〕组。在给药8周后,用Morris水迷宫分别测试小鼠的学习记忆能力;测定小鼠的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和单胺氧化酶等酶活性及丙二醛含量;用透射电镜观察各组小鼠的脑组织形态学变化。结果天麻多糖中、高剂量组可显著提高衰老小鼠在Morris水迷宫的逃避潜伏期,高剂量治疗组可明显促进脑组织神经元恢复,显著提高衰老小鼠脑内超氧化物歧化酶、血液中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性;抑制脑内单胺氧化酶活性;降低脑组织中丙二醛水平。结论天麻多糖可改善D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的学习记忆能力,促进脑神经的恢复;显著改善机体氧化代谢相关酶的活性,具有一定的抗氧化活性。初步确定天麻多糖为天麻抗氧化、延缓衰老的活性成分。

Objective To study the anti-aging effect of polysaccharides from Rhizoma Gastrodia on aging mice by D-galactose.Methods Fifty mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,low dose treatment〔2.5 mg/（g ·d）〕 group,middle dose treatment〔5.0 mg/（g ·d）〕 group and high dose treatment 〔10.0 mg/（g ·d）〕 group.An aging mice model was made by D-galactose subcutaneous injection.The ability of learning and memory of the mice in each group was tested by Morris water-maze.superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,monoamine oxidase and malonaldehyde were determined at the end of eight-week observation.Then the ultrastructure alteration of the brain neurons were also observed by transmission electron microscope.Results In the high dose and middle dose treatment groups polysaccharides from Rhizoma Gastrodia significantly enhanced the escape incubation period of the ageing mice in the Morris water-maze.The brain neuron of the mice in high dose treatment group could be remarkably recovered.The activity of superoxide dismutase and gutathione peroxidase,improved while the activity of monoamine oxidase was inhibited and the content of malonaldehyde depressed.Conclusion polysaccharides from Rhizoma Gastrodia is effective in amelioration of the function of learning and memory of aging mice by D-galactose by facilitating the recovery of cranial nerves and improving or inhabiting the activity of the some oxido-reductase.Polysaccharides from Rhizoma Gastrodia could be the active anti-ageing constitutent in Rhizoma Gastrodie.