苏珊·朗格“艺术作为一种表现性形式”的格式塔心理学阐释

An Interpretation of Susanne K.Langer's ‘Art as an Expressive Form’ from Gestalt Psychology

苏珊·朗格在其《艺术问题》一书中,始终强调艺术是一种表现性的形式,艺术是人类的内在生活客观化、对象化,并用"艺术抽象"、"逻辑类似"等概念解释对于艺术创作、艺术欣赏中情感与形式相互转化的具体过程这一艺术哲学中的难题,这为她的艺术理论体系逻辑上的自足画上了圆满的句点。可是,朗格并没有详细论述其"艺术抽象"、"艺术知觉"产生的心理机制,不免会让人产生类似"为何这样的情感会抽象成这样的形式""为何人们在欣赏艺术品时,艺术知觉会自然地使人们经验到某种情感体验"等一些关于艺术形式之表现性产生缘由的疑问。

In Problems of Art,Susanne K.Langer insisted that art as an expressive form was an objectification of the human's inner life.She also explained how the feeling and form help to achieve the mutual transformation in the process of artistic creation and artistic appreciation.She applied 'artistic abstraction' to explaining this difficult problem so as to systematize her art theory.However,She did not elaborate on the mental mechanism of artistic abstraction.So,this paper attempts to look for the possible answer from Gestalt psychology.