兰州冬季空气污染与地面气象要素的关系

RELATIONS BETWEEN AIR POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS AND SURFACE METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN LANZHOU PROPER IN WINTER

对兰州城区１９８８年～１９９２年冬季（１１、１２月和１月）的３种主要空气污染物ＳＯ２、ＣＯ、ＮＯＸ浓度值与同时期的气压、气温、相对湿度、风速、总云量和水平能见度作了统计分析，结果表明：①总体来看，气温、风速、总云量和水平能见度与当日污染浓度呈负相关，相对湿度与当日浓度呈正相关，除１２月份外，气压与当日浓度基本不相关。②风速、总云量和水平能见度与次日污染浓度仍呈负相关，但相关程度不如当日，相对湿度与次日浓度呈正相关，气压与次日浓度的正相关、气温与次日浓度的负相关，明显好于同期相关。③利用地面气象要素可由回归方程较好的作出ＳＯ２、ＣＯ、ＮＯＸ浓度的估计值和次日预报值。

The correlations between concentrations of three chief air pollutants(SO 2 CO NO X)in the five winters(1988～1992)and six surface meteorological elements(air pressure,air temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,total cloud amount,horizontal visibility)have been analysized.The results are as follows:(1)The correlation coefficients between air temperature,wind speed,total cloud amont,horizontal visibility and air pollutant concentrations on the same days are negative.The correlation coefficients between relative humidity and air pollutant concentrations on the same days are positive.except december,the correlation coefficients between air pressure and air pollutant concentrations on the same days are near to zero.(2)The correlation coefficients between wind speed,total cloud amount,horizontal visibility and air pollutant concentrations on the next days are negative,but not as bood as those on the same days.the correlation coefficients between relative humidity and air pollutant concentrations on the next days are positive and equal to those on the same days.The correlation coefficients between air pressure and air pollutant concentrations on the next days are positive and better than those on the same days.The correlation coefficients between air temperature and air pollutant concentrations on the next days are negative and better than those on the same days.(3)By using the regression equation given in this paper and surface meteorological elements,The estimated value on the same days and the forecast value of air pollutant concentrations on the next days can be obfained.