催化裂化重质芳烃油安定性的改进

STABILITY IMPROVEMENT OF FCC HEAVY AROMATIC OIL

用碱处理、磺化处理、吸附精制三种方法来提高催化裂化重质芳烃油（FCCHA）的安定性，研究了处理条件，如碱量、磺化温度和试剂量、ATP活化方法对精制效果的影响，测定了精制油的总氮、碱性氮和硫的含量。氢氧化钠萃取物用导数紫外光谱和气质联用来表征，加碱蒸馏的试剂是1：1乙醇-水作溶剂的2％NaOH，剂油比1：10。磺化产物用IR和 1HNMR表征，磺化的适宜条件为剂油比0．6：1、110～120℃。吸附精制的ATP在300℃焙烧2h进行活化，在剂油比1：20、70℃的条件下进行精制。研究结果表明，三种方法都能提高FCCHA的安定性，加碱蒸馏是改善油品透过率最显著的方法；磺化处理的剩余油安定性最好；吸附精制油的透过率不及碱处理和磺化处理，但安定性好于碱处理油，接近磺化剩余油。油品中的酸性物和碱性氮是影响油品安定性的重要因素，而含硫化合物对油品的安定性没有明显影响。

The stability of heavy aromatic oil from FCC process （FCCHA） was improved by alkali treatment, sulfonation and absorption with attapulgite （ATP） respectively. The influences of treating conditions, such as the alkali charge, sulfonation temperature, sulfonation reagent dosage and ATP activation method were investigated. Meanwhile the contents of total nitrogen, basic nitrogen and sulfur in the refined oils were determined. The obtained extract from FCCHA treated with sodium hydroxide solution was characterized by derivative UV-spectrophotometry and GC-MS. An enhanced alkali treatment of distilling FCCHA with a 2%NaOH dissolved in 1 ： 1 ethanol-water solvent under an alkali solution to oil rate of 0.1 was carried out. The optimum sulfonation conditions were a H2SO4 to oil ratio of 0.6 and the reaction temperature in the range of 110--120℃ , the product of sulfonation was characterized by IR and 1HNMR. The ATP calcined at 300 ℃ for 2 h was used to refine FCCHA under the conditions of an absorbent to oil ratio of 0.05 and a reaction temperature of 70 ℃ .Results showed that all the three methods could improve the stability of FCCHA. The transmittance of oil distilled with alkali solution was significantly improved, and oil treated by sulfonation exhibited the best stability. The transmittance of ATP treated oil was lower than the above two methods, but its stability was better than that of the former, and close to that of the latter. However, the acidic compounds and basic nitrogen had the main influences on the stability of oil, while the sulfur compounds seemed to have much less influence.