优秀游泳运动员不同训练阶段负荷安排及血清激素水平的变化

Relationship Between Exercise Loads and Serum Hormones Change of Elite Swimming Athletes in Different Training Phases

目的:将运动员不同训练负荷安排与他们血清激素水平的变化联系起来,探讨不同阶段训练对优秀游泳运动员机体体系统应激水平的影响。方法:追踪国家游泳队10名一线队员,把4月19日—5月17日整一个月作为运动员耐力训练阶段,把6月14日—7月12日一个月作为力量训练阶段。每个训练阶段都在试验前、中、后取3次血样,每次取样间隔为2周。测试指标:血乳酸(B1a),睾酮(T),皮质醇(C),T/C和胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)。结果:①在赛前耐力训练阶段中,运动员B1a检测值较低,运动员T值呈下降趋势,C值显著上升,T/C呈下降趋势,IGF-1变化不明显。②在赛前力量训练阶段中,运动员B1a值较高,T值呈上升趋势,C值亦显著上升,T/C变化不明显,IGF-1呈上升趋势。结论:在耐力训练阶段,运动员机体的分解代谢占主导方面;在力量训练阶段,运动员机体的合成代谢占主导方面。

Objective：To investigate the relationship between exercise loads and some serum hormones change of elite swimming athletes in different training phases.Methods：10 elite Swimming Athletes of Chinese national swimming team were investigated in different training phases.According to the training plan,4.19-5.17 were the first stage which emphasizes endurance training,while 6.14～-7.12 were the second stage emphasizing strength training.Blood samples were taken before,during and after each phase.The indexes included BIa,T,C,T/C and IGF-1.Results：In the first phase,which emphasized endurance training and exercise quantity,B1a of the athletes was low,T and T/C declined,while C increased significantly and IGF-1 didn＇t almost change,which indicated catabolism dontinated in the body.In the second phase,in which exercise intensity and strength training was emphasized,B1a of the athletes was high,T and C increased.T/C didn＇t change significantly,while IGF-I increased,which still increased significantly compared with the first phase.Conclusion：The results indicate that in the first phase,which emphasizes endurance training and exercise quantity,catabolism will dominate in the body.While in the second phase,in which exercise intensity and strength training were emphasized,anabolism will dontinate in the body.