从小球藻中提取和富集多不饱和脂肪酸的研究

Extraction and enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalga Chlorella spp.

研究了从海水小球藻Chlorellaspp.中提取和富集多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的方法,就提取剂体系、用量、提取次数等对小球藻粗脂肪提取率的影响以及尿素包合法中尿素、甲醇与脂肪酸甲酯的质量比对PUFA、EPA富集效果的影响进行了研究。结果表明：采用氯仿-甲醇提取剂体系,结合超声波萃取法,小球藻粗脂肪的提取率最高,提取次数为两次比较合适,与标准溶剂量相比,总溶剂量可减少42%。在室温（20~22℃）下,尿素与脂肪酸甲酯的质量比为6∶1,尿素与甲醇的质量比为1∶4时,PUFA占总脂肪酸的含量由脲包前的50%提高到82.9%;EPA占总脂肪酸的的含量由脲包前的39%提高到71.6%,EPA富集系数为1.84。

The effects of extraction pattern including solvent ratio of urea：methanol：fatty acid methyl ester kinds,solvent volume and extraction periods on polyunsaturated fatty acid（PUFA） contents including eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA） were studied during the extraction and enrichment of PUFA from microalga Chlorella spp.The results showed that the maximal lipid content from the microalga was observed at the chloroform-methanol ratio of 2∶1 as solvent by ultrasonic extraction method.The total solvent volume was permitted a 42% reduction relative to the standard volume at twice times extraction.At room temperature of 20-22 ℃,a urea ： fatty acid methyl ester ratio of 6∶1,a urea：methanol ratio of 1∶4,and the content of PUFA were increased from 50% to 82.9% and the content of EPA was increased from 39% to 71.6%,with an EPA concentration ratio of 1.84.