1999-2008年浙江省宁波市甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Ningbo,1999-2008

目的探讨宁波市甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)发病趋势和流行病学特征。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对宁波市1999-2008年甲肝监测资料进行分析。结果 1999-2008年甲肝发病率波动在20.53/10万～4.12/10万之间,年均发病率为9.90/10万,1999年最高,以后总体呈下降趋势;宁波市所辖11县(市、区)均有病例报告,个别县(区)发病率较高,县(区)间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);甲肝发病以20～39岁青壮年为主,占总病例数的48.87%;男性多于女性,发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);病例构成以农民为主,占总病例数的40.58%。结论近年来宁波市甲肝发病率逐年下降,维持在较低水平,甲肝防控工作效果明显,但仍需加强控制工作,保护易感人群,尤其是青壮年和农民,并需加强食品和水源的管理。

Objective The study was conducted to analyze the epidemic trends and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Ningbo.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the hepatitis A surveillance data in Ningbo from 1999 to 2008 was conducted.Results With an annually averaged value of 9.9/lakh,the incidence of hepatitis A in Ningbo ranged from 4.12/lakh to 20.53/lakh,1999-2008,which peaked in 1999 and declined gradually afterwards.The patients were reported from all 11 counties of Ningbo,and particularly higher incidence rates were noticed in specific counties or districts,with significant differences in the incidence between these areas （P0.001）.People aged 20-39 years were mostly affected,accounting for 48.87% of all cases,while male patients outnumbered female ones with significantly different incidence rates （P0.001）.As the primarily suffering occupation,farmers accounted for 40.58% of all cases.Conclusion Despite low and annually decreasing incidence of hepatitis A as the result of effective prevention and control strategies in Ningbo,food and water management and the control measures for susceptible populations,particularly young adults and farmers,should be strengthened.