2000-2009年合肥市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析

Epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Hefei,2000-2009

目的对扩大国家免疫规划实施前后流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行特征进行分析,为更好控制乙脑流行和改进免疫规划工作提供依据。方法对2000-2009年合肥市乙脑疫情资料采用描述流行病学方法,使用M icrosoftExcel软件输入数据进行统计。结果 2000-2009年合肥市共发生乙脑病例242例,自2005年后报告发病率有明显的下降趋势。病例主要分布在长丰县(96例),肥东县(94例),肥西县(22例),三县发病数(212例)占发病总数的87.60%,市区30例,占发病总数的12.40%,三县病例数多于市区。以0～6岁为多见,占64.88%。免疫史不详及空白为164例,占67.77%。7、8月发病236例,占全年发病总数的97.52%。结论合肥市乙脑发病数仍以农村病例为主,多数病例无免疫史,乙脑疫苗纳入免疫规划后,乙脑得到较好的控制。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis（JE）in Hefei before and after the implementation Expanded Programme on Immunization（EPI）,and provide scientific evidence for the better prevention and control of JE and the improvement of the programme.Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of JE in Hefei from 2000 to 2009.Results A total of 242 JE cases occurred in Hefei from 2000 to 2009,more cases occurred in rural area than in urban area.The reported incidence had declined obviously since 2005.The cases mainly distributed in Changfeng county（96）,Feidong county（94）and Feixi county（22）,which accounted for 87.60% of the total,and 30 cases occurred in Hefei city（12.40%）.The cases mainly occurred in age group of 0-6 yeas（64.88%）.The cases among the persons without vaccination history or with unknown vaccination history accounted for 67.77%（164）.Up to 236 cases occurred during July-August（97.52%）.Conclusion JE cases occurred still mainly among rural population,most cases were without vaccination history.The inclusion of JE vaccine into EPI had improved the control of the disease.