西双版纳野生重楼资源的分布概况

Investigation of Paris genus resources in Xishuangbanna

目的:摸清西双版纳野生重楼资源的种类、分布区域及资源现状等,为开展重楼人工种植,进行合理保护和开发研究提供依据。方法:通过走访调查、实地调查和样本采集鉴定相结合的方法,对全州26个乡镇的野生重楼资源进行了调查。结果:所调查的26个乡镇全部有野生重楼分布,但居群内个体多在20株以下。主要分布于海拔1 000～1 500 m的南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林下和竹林下,喜生长于箐沟、山谷等小环境中。分布的种类有滇重楼、七叶一枝花、南重楼3种,其中以滇重楼数量最多。结论:西双版纳地区海拔800 m以上、水源丰富的地域均适宜重楼生长,但野生重楼资源正在急剧减少,迫切需要开展重楼人工种植,并对野生资源进行合理保护和利用。

Objective： To explore the species,distributing and resource of Paris genus plants in Xishuangbanna area of Yunnan province.Method： Two steps,talking with the folk doctors and field survey,were employed to explore the resource status of Paris plants.Twenty six villages and towns,which are at an elevation of 500 m to 2 000 m,were investigated.Result： A total of 214 specimens were collected and identified according to morphological characteristics.All investigated spots had Paris genus resources distribution but there always had a small Paris population less than 20.The Paris genus is an understory plants which lives always in a specific environment beside creek in hill valley and with many commensal plants such as bamboo and broadleaf.Three species of Paris,P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,P.polyphylla var.chinensis,and P.vietnamensis were collected and identified.Conclusion： Paris genus resources declined rapidly in recent year,particular the P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis.Developing the breeding and cultivation technologies and enhancing the resources protection are needed urgently.