财富分化、子承父权与华人家族企业的代际传承

Wealth Division,Son's Succession to Father's Power and the CFBs' Intergenerational Transmission

家族企业的代际传承可分为两个维度即所有权(财富)传承和经营管理权(职位)的传递。相比西方的家族企业,华人家族企业的传承模式显示出一定的独特性。首先,在财富传递层面上,华人家族企业具有内倾性的同时,在亲缘共同体内部却出现分化现象;其次,在职位(权威)传承上,带有一定的"差序式"特征,"子承父权"则是主流的传承模式。在现有研究的基础上,提出一个初步理论假设:华人家族企业财富传承的内倾性特征可能是文化嵌入的结果,而职位传递的偏私化特征则可能是结构嵌入和文化嵌入共同作用的后果。华人家族企业要想突破"三代衰亡"的传承困境,不仅有赖于社会信任度的提高,更需要家族成员的观念更新和企业的制度创新。

CFB' s Succession can be divided into two dimensions including the ownership(wealth) inheritance and the transfer of management(position).Compared to the family business in the west,the CFBS'inheritance pattern shows some certain uniqueness.Firstly,at the wealth transfer level,Chinese family business often shows the introversion which is associated with the genetic differentiation within the insiders;Secondly,the position(authority) inheritance is featured with a certain degree of' Differential Mode','sub-inherited his father's power 'is the dominant inheritance pattern.On the basis of existing research,this paper proposes a preliminary hypothesis:the introversion characteristics of CFBS'wealth inheritance may be the result of cultural embeddedness,while the partiality of position transfer may be the interaction both from the structure-embeddedness and culture-embeddedness.For the CFBs,in order to break the inheritance dilemma of 'Three Generations of Decline,'it not only depends on the improvement of social trust,but also needs updating system innovation.