含磷小分子有机胶凝剂的合成及其胶凝行为研究

Synthesis and Gelation Behavior of Phosphorus-containing Cholesterol-based Low Molecular-mass Organic Gelators

将对苯二酚双磷酸酯与胆固醇、甘氨酸胆固醇酯以及氯甲酸胆固醇酯的乙二胺反应产物反应得到了3种含磷双胆固醇衍生物(分别记作1,2,3),考察了这些化合物对35种常见溶剂的胶凝能力.发现1仅可使CHCl3部分胶凝,3除了可使正戊烷部分胶凝外,还可使正己烷到正癸烷6种烷烃胶凝,结构介于1和3之间的2则既可胶凝醇类溶剂(正戊醇到正癸醇),又可胶凝烷烃类溶剂(正戊烷到正癸烷、环己烷),呈现出对质子性溶剂和非质子性溶剂的双性胶凝能力.结合凝胶形貌的扫描电镜分析结果,可以认为胶凝剂结构上的微小变化会导致其在胶凝能力和聚集体形貌上的巨大差异.利用红外光谱、X射线衍射等手段进一步探讨了胶凝剂分子在凝胶中的堆积方式和彼此之间的相互作用本质.

Three new cholesterol-based gelators bearing a phosphorus unit have been synthesized and characterized. These compounds were synthesized by letting quinol phosphoric acid ester reacted with cholesterol, cholesteryl glycinate or 3β-cholest-5-en-3-yl N-（2-aminoethyl）carbomate （denoted as compound 1, 2, and 3, respectively）. The gelation behaviors of them in 35 solvents were evaluated. It was found that 1 is a very weak gelator, and only CHCl3 can be partially gelled. Compound 3 gels n-pentane to n-decane, but n-pentane is in a partial gel state. Compound 2, however, gels both protic （n-pentanol to n-decanol） and aprotic solvents （n-pentane to n-decane, and cyclohexane）. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） measurements revealed that the xerogel morphology of a gelator depends upon the structure and concentration of the gelator, and the nature of the solvent as gelled. Further more, the stacking mode and the interaction nature of the gelator molecules in the gels were studied by FTIR spectroscopy measurement and XRD analysis.