试论科学学派的社会运行

A tentative exposition of the social performance of scientific schools

作为一种科学社会组织形式，科学学派的成功在很大程度上源于其社会运行的独特性和有效性。科学学派的社会运行，要求社会为其创造适宜的文化环境，提供必要的物质基础，以保证其科学思想的自由和科学活动的自由；同时要求科学学派建立充满活力的自主结构，以增强其社会运行的自身能力。这样，科学学派方能以大学、研究所、实验室等为基地，以科学期刊、著述为舆论领地，以学术会议为桥梁纽带，以讨论班、报告会、自由交谈等为有效的活动方式，积极参与科学的交流、合作与竞争，并在其中发展壮大。

Any success achieved by an academic school in the science of science originates from its social performance nurtured by an agreeable cultural setting and a sound material basis along with its own independene operation full of vigor and vitality so that the freedom of scientific exploration and related activities may be guaranteed. With the aid of their unique social expressions nd working characteristics, scientific schools take part in research cooperation, information exchange, and academic competition so as to get themselves recognized by the public, their work further flourished and their influence widespread. Attached to the campus, research institutes and laboratories as their research bases, scientific schools devoted themselves to compilation and edition of monographic periodicals, delimitation of their own shares in the public opinion, hosting of scientific conferences, such as seminars,symposia, free-talk forums, discussion workshops and other forms of research activities.