甘肃南部蓝马鸡的巢址选择

Nest site selection of blue-eared pheasant (Crossoptilon auritum) in south Gansu,China

蓝马鸡(Crossoptilon auritum)是我国特有的雉类,仅分布在青海东部、东北部,甘肃西北部及南部,四川西北部以及宁夏西部。2007和2008年在甘肃南部林区对蓝马鸡巢址进行了研究。在发现的12个蓝马鸡巢中,4巢(33.3%)在乔木下,4巢(33.3%)在岩石上或者岩洞内,2巢(16.7%)在枯枝下,2巢(16.7%)在灌丛下。U检验和T检验表明,坡位、坡度、灌木高度、灌木数量、灌木盖度、0.5m植被盖度、1.0m植被盖度、2.0m植被盖度、干扰度等9个生态因子在巢址(n=12)与对照样方(n=24)中存在显著差异。对13个变量进行逐步判别分析,结果显示,高坡位、高林下植被盖度及低干扰度是蓝马鸡巢址优先选择的生态因子。

Blue-eared pheasant （Crossoptilon auritum） is endemic to China,and only distributed in east and northeast Qinghai,northwest and south Gansu,northwest Sichuan,and west Ningxia.In 2007 and 2008,an investigation was made on the nest site selection of C.auritum in a forest area in south Gansu,China.Of the 12 nests found,four （33.3%） were under conifer trees,four （33.3%） on rock and in cavity,two （16.7%） under fallen trees,and two （16.7%） in thick shrub.The U and T tests showed that there were significant differences in the slope position,slope gradient,shrub height,shrub number,shrub cover,vegetation cover at 0.5 m,1.0 m and 2.0 m height,and disturbance level between nest sites （n=12） and control sites （n=24）.A stepwise discriminate analysis on the 13 variables that potentially affected the nest site selection of C.auritum indicated that the high position of slope,great cover of understory vegetation,and farther distance from human settlements had the priority for the nest site selection of C.auritum.