城市景观多功能区湿地水质分异及其人类影响

Variability and human impacts of urban wetland water quality in urban multifunctional landscape areas

以南京市仙林大学城为案例,在对该区景观功能区划分基础上,对各景观功能区典型湿地进行了1年的水质监测,揭示了不同景观功能区湿地水质季节变化特征,并利用模糊数学综合评价法对不同景观功能区湿地水质进行综合评估,进一步分析了各景观功能区湿地水质与人类影响强度的关系。结果表明:1)南京市仙林大学城湿地水质季节波动性明显,春夏季节水质较差,在Ⅲ类水以下,秋冬季节在Ⅲ类水以上。在各污染因子中,全磷污染负荷最大,平均值为0.11mg.L-1。2)不同景观功能区湿地水质空间差异明显,其优劣排序为:高校景观区>农业景观区>休闲景观区>商业景观区。3)湿地水质和人类影响强度的负相关关系明显(R2=0.938)。

Based on the division of landscape functional areas in the Xianlin University Town in Nanjing City,a one-year monitoring of wetland water quality in each landscape functional area of the town was made to reveal the seasonal patterns of the water quality,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the wetland water quality of the landscape functional areas.The relationships between wetland water quality and human impact degree in each landscape functional area were also analyzed.The wetland water quality in the town had an obvious seasonal fluctuation,being below Ⅲ degree in spring and summer and above Ⅲ degree in autumn and winter.Among the pollution factors,total phosphorus had the highest load,with an average concentration of 0.11 mg·L-1.The wetland water quality had obvious spatial variability,with the best in College Landscape Area,followed by in Agricultural Landscape Area,Leisure Landscape Area,and Commercial Landscape Area,and was significantly negatively correlated with human impact degree （R2=0.938）.